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目的了解北京市土地覆盖分类及分布,并分析土地覆盖类型与北京市鼠种和鼠密度的关系。方法使用美国国家航空航天局(NASA)2009年中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)陆地标准产品(MCD12Q1)提取北京市土地覆盖类型和比例,并在2009-2011年用夹夜法捕捉小型兽类鉴定种属和计算密度。结果按照植物功能型分类方案,北京市城镇及建设用地占总面积的12.19%,农作物占39.24%;自然植被占48.27%,其中阔叶林比例最大,占总面积的31.28%,其次是灌木丛和针叶林,分别占10.91%和3.68%,草地面积较小,仅占总面积的2.40%;阔叶林、灌木丛和农作物生境中夹夜法捕获小型兽类10种881只,其中啮齿目动物9种共871只,占捕获总数的98.86%;食虫目1种10只;3种不同生境鼠种分布差异均有统计学意义,阔叶林和农作物中北社鼠和大林姬鼠为优势鼠种,灌木丛中北社鼠和褐家鼠为优势鼠种。结论北京市植被类型不适合我国已证实的鼠疫主要宿主生存,尽管优势鼠种北社鼠、大林姬鼠、褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠等均是鼠疫可染疫动物,但出现鼠疫自然疫源地的可能性很小。
Objective To understand the classification and distribution of land cover in Beijing and to analyze the relationship between land cover types and rat species and rat density in Beijing. Methods Land cover types and proportions in Beijing were extracted using the NASA Mid-Resolution Imaging Imaging System (MODIS) Land Standard Product (MCD12Q1) in 2009 and capture the identification of small mammals using the clip-nocturnal night-time method from 2009 to 2011 Species and computational density. Results According to plant functional classification scheme, urban and construction land in Beijing accounted for 12.19% of the total area and crops accounted for 39.24%; natural vegetation accounted for 48.27%, of which the largest proportion of broad-leaved forests, accounting for 31.28% of the total area, followed by shrubs And coniferous forests, accounting for 10.91% and 3.68% of the total area, respectively. The grassland area was relatively small, accounting for only 2.40% of the total area. In the broadleaf forest, shrubbery and crop habitat, 881 species of 10 mammals were captured, There were 871 species of animals in total, accounting for 98.86% of the total number captured. There were 10 species of 1 species in the family. There were significant differences in the distribution of the 3 species of rodents. As dominant species, shrubs in North Society and Rattus norvegicus for the dominant species. Conclusion The vegetation type in Beijing is not suitable for the survival of the main hosts of plague in our country. Although the dominant species, such as Beishe, Apodemus, Rattus norvegicus, and Apodemus agrarius are plague-infected animals, The possibility of origin is small.