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为了更好地理解化学离子在雪坑中的迁移和保存,进一步解释冰芯记录,基于乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川海拔4 130 m处的雪冰化学资料,研究了气温和降水与离子淋溶过程的关系.结果表明:气温与离子浓度呈负相关关系,夏季的雪坑离子浓度波动剧烈,冬季的雪坑离子浓度相对稳定.离子浓度随正积温的升高呈指数衰减趋势,当正积温至0℃以上时,离子浓度急剧降低;当正积温升至60℃左右时,离子浓度呈缓慢降低.不同离子的淋溶过程对正积温的响应有所不同,随着正积温的增加,SO~(2-)_4,NO~-_3,Na_+,Cl_-,NH~+_4和Ca~(2+)的衰减趋势非常显著,而Mg~(2+)和K~+则呈现无规律性的变化.淋溶因子指出,融水渗浸作用导致雪坑中大部分离子被淋溶;不同离子的淋溶因子也有明显差异,Mg~(2+)淋溶因子最小(0.43),SO~(2-)_4淋溶因子最大(0.84),说明Mg~(2+)最为稳定,而SO~(2-)_4最易淋溶.降水对雪坑离子浓度的影响较为微弱,主要通过增加表层雪离子浓度而提升整个雪坑的离子浓度.
In order to better understand the migration and preservation of chemical ions in snow pits, the ice core records are further explained. Based on the snow-ice chemical data at 4 130 m above sea level of Glacier No. 1 in the Urumqi River, the effects of air temperature, precipitation and ion leaching process The results show that there is a negative correlation between air temperature and ion concentration, the snow pit ion concentration fluctuates sharply in summer and the snow pit ion concentration is relatively stable in winter, and the ion concentration declines exponentially with the increase of positive accumulated temperature. ℃, the ion concentration decreased sharply, and when the positive temperature was raised to about 60 ℃, the ion concentration decreased slowly.The response of different ions leaching process was different from that of positive accumulated temperature.With the increase of positive accumulated temperature, (2 -) _4, the decay tendency of NO ~ -_3, Na_ +, Cl_-, NH ~ + _4 and Ca ~ (2+) is very significant, while the Mg ~ (2+) and K ~ The leaching factor indicated that most of the ions in the snow pit were leached by melt infiltration and leaching. The leaching factors of different ions were also significantly different. The leaching factor of Mg 2+ was the smallest (0.43) (2 -) _ 4 leaching factor was the highest (0.84), indicating that Mg 2+ was the most stable and SO 2 - Relatively weak, mainly by increasing the surface snow ion concentration and enhance the ion concentration of the entire snow pit.