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目的:探讨黄精对AD模型大鼠空间学习记忆能力及前额叶皮质和海马α7 n AChR表达的影响。方法:成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为四组:对照组、模型组、黄精低剂量组、黄精高剂量组。皮下注射D-半乳糖联合双侧海马注射Aβ25-35构建AD模型大鼠,黄精低、高剂量组同时每天分别给予低剂量(15 g/kg/d)或高剂量(30g/kg/d)的黄精水煎剂灌胃治疗,连续6周。Morris水迷宫测试大鼠的空间学习和记忆能力;免疫组织化学技术检测大鼠前额叶皮质和海马α7 n AChR的表达。结果:Morris水迷宫结果显示,模型组大鼠的逃避潜伏期(EL)与对照组相比明显延长(P<0.01),在目标象限游泳时间和穿越站台次数减少(P<0.01);与模型组比较,黄精低剂量组、高剂量组的EL缩短(P<0.01),在目标象限游泳时间和穿越站台次数增多(P<0.01);黄精高剂量组的EL较低剂量组缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01),在目标象限游泳时间和穿越站台次数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。免疫组化结果显示,模型组大鼠前额叶皮质和海马α7 n AChR表达水平较对照组明显降低(P<0.01);黄精低剂量组、高剂量组大鼠前额叶皮质和海马α7n AChR表达水平较模型组明显上调(P<0.05或P<0.01);黄精高剂量组大鼠α7 n AChR表达水平较低剂量组大鼠增多(P<0.05)。结论:黄精可以明显改善AD模型大鼠的空间学习记忆能力,其作用机制可能与调节α7 n AChR表达有关。
AIM: To investigate the effects of Huang Jing on spatial learning and memory and the expression of α7 nAChR in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in AD model rats. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, model group, Huangjing low dose group and Huangjing high dose group. The AD model rats were injected subcutaneously with D-galactose and bilateral hippocampal injection of Aβ25-35. The rats in low and high doses of Huanghuang were treated with low dose (15g / kg / d) or high dose (30g / kg / d) Huang Jing decoction gavage treatment for 6 weeks. Morris water maze was used to test the spatial learning and memory ability of rats. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of α7 nAChR in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats. Results: The Morris water maze test showed that the escape latency (EL) in model group was significantly longer than that in control group (P <0.01), decreased in target quadrant swimming time and crossing platform (P <0.01) (P <0.01), the time of swimming in the target quadrant and the number of crossing the platform increased (P <0.01), and the dosage of EL in the Huangjing high dose group was shorter than that of the low dose EL (P <0.05) Or P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the swimming time in the target quadrant and the number of crossing the platform (P> 0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression level of AChR in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in model group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.01). The expression level of AChR in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in Huangjing low dose and high dose groups (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The expression of α7 nAChR in the Huangjing high dose group was higher than that in the low dose group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Polygonatum injection can significantly improve spatial learning and memory abilities of rats with AD and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of α7 n AChR expression.