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采用离子色谱、三维荧光光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱和多元统计分析,研究了鸡粪堆肥水溶性有机物(DOM)和重金属组成与演化特性,探究了有机物演化对重金属生物有效性的影响及其机理.结果显示,堆肥升温期和高温期有机物降解最为剧烈,产生了大量苹果酸、酒石酸、乙酸和草酸,其浓度分别在2097.55~2155.61、39.24~51.58、12.52~12.90及1.68~2.31 mg·L-1之间;堆肥降温期和二次发酵过程,蛋白类物质降解,腐殖质类物质合成,DOM的腐殖化率和缩合度增大,稳定性增强.堆肥过程中水溶态重金属中Fe的浓度(1.069~7.106 mg·L-1)最高,Al、As、Cr、Cu和Mn的浓度(0.1~1.008mg·L-1)其次,Pb的浓度(0.003~0.02 mg·L-1)最低,随着堆肥的进行水溶态重金属含量呈下降趋势(Al除外),相关性分析显示,水溶态重金属主要结合在腐殖质类物质上,生物可利用性低.分析结果表明,堆肥可通过降低水溶态重金属的含量和将水溶态重金属络合在腐殖质类物质上降低产品中重金属的生物有效性.
The composition and evolution characteristics of DOM and heavy metals in chicken manure composting were studied by ion chromatography, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectra and multivariate statistical analysis. The effects of organic matter evolution on the bioavailability of heavy metals and their mechanisms The results showed that the degradation of organic matter was the most intense at the composting temperature and the high temperature, and a large amount of malic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid were produced with the concentrations of 2097.55 ~ 2155.61, 39.24 ~ 51.58, 12.52 ~ 12.90 and 1.68 ~ 2.31 mg · L- 1, the composting temperature and secondary fermentation process, protein degradation, humus synthesis, DOM humification rate and condensation degree increases, the stability is enhanced.During the composting process of heavy metals in water-soluble Fe concentration The concentrations of Al, As, Cr, Cu and Mn (0.1-1.008 mg · L-1) were the highest in the range of 1.069-7.106 mg · L-1, followed by the lowest concentrations of 0.003-0.02 mg · L-1 The results showed that the content of heavy metals in water-soluble composting decreased with the exception of Al, and the correlation analysis showed that the heavy metals in water-soluble state were mainly combined with humic substances and had low bioavailability.The results showed that composting could reduce the content of heavy metals Content and will be The complexation of water-soluble heavy metals reduces the bioavailability of heavy metals in the product on humus substances.