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重质原油在原油中占很大的比重,但高黏度使其很难开采和输送。目前在现场已开发出几种重质原油管道输送方法,应用最广泛的是掺入轻烃以降低其黏度。本文研究了一种以两相流为基础的减阻输送技术——水环输送。水润滑了油,可大大降低输送压力损失。同时还研究了水或盐水为润滑液时,停输重启时的流动状态。实验以适中的流速保持稳定的层流。结果表明在同样情况下与不采用水环减阻相比压力损失可减少90%以上。证实了重质原油水环输送的减阻有效性。还发现,水相中加入盐后可以降低重启压力。
Heavy crude oil accounts for a large proportion of crude oil, but high viscosity makes it difficult to extract and deliver. Several heavy crude oil pipelines have been developed at the site and the most widely used method is the incorporation of light hydrocarbons to reduce their viscosity. In this paper, a two-phase flow-based drag reduction conveyor technology - water ring transport. Water lubricated oil can greatly reduce the transmission pressure loss. At the same time also studied the water or brine as lubricating fluid, stop and restart the flow of state. Experiments at a moderate flow rate to maintain a stable laminar flow. The results show that in the same case, the pressure loss can be reduced by more than 90% compared with that without water drag reduction. Confirmed the effectiveness of drag reduction of heavy crude oil water ring delivery. It has also been found that the addition of salt to the aqueous phase can reduce the restart pressure.