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目的了解河南省农村环境卫生现状,为新农村建设提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法,抽取河南省37个涉农县(区、市)的740个行政村作为研究对象,同时每村抽取不少于10户,按照统一的调查表进行入户调查。结果人口外出率为13.80%;集中式供水人口覆盖构成比54.50%;村内道路状况部分硬化和全部硬化,696个行政村,占94.00%;人口死亡率为248/10万;卫生厕所普及率42.18%;生活垃圾的收集以定点堆放和统一收集为主,占51.10%;生活污水排放以随意排放为主,占58.11%;有环境卫生管理制度的376个行政村,占50.81%;未做过专门村规划的400个行政村,占54.05%;开展过环境卫生相关宣传教育的有458个行政村,占61.89%。结论河南省农村地区整体环境卫生质量较差,环境整治投入不高,农村环境卫生状况急需进一步改善。
Objective To understand the status quo of rural sanitation in Henan Province and provide a scientific basis for the new rural construction. Methods A total of 740 administrative villages in 37 agro-counties (autonomous regions and municipalities) in Henan Province were selected as the research objects by random sampling method. At the same time, no less than 10 households were sampled from each village, and household surveys were conducted according to a unified questionnaire. As a result, the out-going rate of population was 13.80%; the proportion of population covered by centralized water supply was 54.50%; the condition of the roads in the village was partially hardened and fully hardened; 696 administrative villages were occupied, accounting for 94.00%; the death rate was 248/10 million; the sanitary latrine penetration rate was 42.18 %; Domestic garbage was mainly collected in fixed-point stacking and unified collection, accounting for 51.10%; domestic sewage was mainly discharged randomly, accounting for 58.11%; 376 administrative villages with environmental sanitation management system accounting for 50.81%; not done The 400 administrative villages planned by the special villages account for 54.05% of the total. There are 458 administrative villages that have conducted publicity and education on environmental health, accounting for 61.89%. Conclusion The overall quality of sanitation in rural areas of Henan province is poor, and the investment in environmental remediation is not high enough. The situation of rural sanitation needs urgent improvement.