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目的掌握福州口岸鼠形动物的种群分布及季节消长变化,以及入出境船舶截获鼠形动物携带病原微生物的差别,对相关疾病的流行风险进行评估。方法在2011年1月到2012年12月之间,实施口岸鼠形动物调查及船舶鼠形动物笼日法监测,并对截获的鼠形动物携带鼠疫菌采用国标法检测抗原、抗体,用RT-PCR方法检测肾综合征出血热病毒(HFRS)RNA,用PCR方法检测钩端螺旋体DNA。结果口岸共捕获鼠形动物373只,年平均密度0.0326只/笼·d,经鉴定隶属2目2科3属5种,褐家鼠为优势种群。7—11月份鼠密度较高,其中9月份达到高峰,12月份最低,鼠形动物活动为单峰型。鼠疫菌抗原、抗体均为阴性,肾综合征出血热RNA阳性55份,阳性率15.90%,钩端螺旋体DNA阳性14份,阳性率3.70%。结论福州口岸鼠体肾综合征出血热、钩端螺旋体阳性率高,有传播相关传染病的风险,有必要对口岸采取灭鼠措施,并对鼠间、人间相应传染病感染情况实施监测。
Objective To understand the population distribution and seasonal variation of rat population in Fuzhou Port and the differences in the pathogenic microorganisms captured by rats entering and leaving the country and to evaluate the prevalence of related diseases. Methods From January 2011 to December 2012, the port quarantine investigation and the daily monitoring of the rat cage were carried out. The intercepted rat-carrying pest-borne pathogens were detected by the national standard method for detection of antigens and antibodies. RT-PCR was performed using RT PCR-based detection of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (HFRS) by PCR-PCR. Results A total of 373 mouse-shaped animals were captured at the port. The annual average density was 0.0326 / cage · d. Five species belonging to 3 genera, 2 orders, 2 families were identified. Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species. From July to November, the rat density was high, with the highest in September and the lowest in December, while the rat activity was unimodal. Yersinia pestis antigen and antibody were all negative. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome was positive for 55, the positive rate was 15.90%. The positive rate of leptospira DNA was 14, the positive rate was 3.70%. Conclusions Fuzhou port rat hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome syndrome, high positive rate of Leptospira, there is the risk of transmission-related infectious diseases, it is necessary to take anti-rat measures at the port, and the inter-mouse and human infection of the corresponding infectious disease monitoring.