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由于大量使用塑料袋,白色污染问题在中国的大城市中非常普遍。天津,作为中国第五大城市,和其他大城市一样深受随之引起的环境问题的困扰。为了有力地减少塑料袋的消费量,从2008年6月1日起,中国正式开始实施限塑令,要求各大超市及零售商店对塑料购物袋进行收费。随着限塑令的颁布,许多塑料袋生产厂家被迫关闭,但是市场上仍有相当数量的塑料袋出售。本研究的假设为目前对每个中等大小塑料袋收费0.3元的价格过低,以致不能有效地改变消费者的购买行为。研究采用联合选择实验,通过调查及结果分析探究人们对不可降解塑料袋替代品的偏好和支付意愿。结果表明大部分居民不喜欢不可降解塑料袋,并且会使用其他材料制成的价格合理的购物袋。纸袋和其他降解周期短、耐久性好的袋子的销售存在特定的市场,在这些市场中价格不是决定消费者选择的重要因素。
Due to the heavy use of plastic bags, the problem of white pollution is very common in big cities in China. As the fifth largest city in China, Tianjin, like other big cities, is deeply troubled by the environmental problems that follow. In order to effectively reduce the consumption of plastic bags, effective from June 1, 2008, China officially began to implement the plastic limit order, requiring major supermarkets and retail stores to charge plastic shopping bags. With the enactment of the plastic limit order, many plastic bag manufacturers were forced to shut down, but there is still a fair amount of plastic bags on the market for sale. The hypothesis of this research is that the current price of 0.3 yuan for each medium-sized plastic bag is too low to effectively change the purchasing behavior of consumers. The study used a joint selection experiment to investigate the preferences and willingness to pay for alternatives to non-degradable plastic bags through surveys and results analysis. The result showed that most residents did not like non-degradable plastic bags and would use reasonably priced shopping bags made of other materials. There is a specific market for the sale of paper bags and other bags with short cycles of degradation and good durability, in which prices are not an important factor in consumer choice.