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首先,根据太阳能平板集热器的要求,提出了重力热管工质的选择原则;第一是与钢管的相容性;第二是传热性能好;第三是容易沸腾。其次对水、氨、丙酮、甲醇、乙醇、庚烷、戊烷、氟利昂—11及氟利昂—12等工质进行了计算分析。在计算分析的基础上,我们选择了五种典型的工质——水、氨、丙酮、甲醇及氟利昂—12,进行了热管性能的实验研究,得到了热管的总传热系数、起动热流与急剧沸腾起始热流。计算分析与实验结果皆表明:理想的重力热管太阳能平板集热器中的热管工质,首先是氨、其次是氟利昂—12与丙酮。但从实用角度来看,氟利昂—12与丙酮是比较理想的工质。
First of all, according to the requirements of solar panel collectors, the principle of selecting working medium for gravity heat pipe is put forward. The first is the compatibility with steel pipe. The second is the heat transfer performance is good. The third is easy boiling. Second, calculated and analyzed the working fluids of water, ammonia, acetone, methanol, ethanol, heptane, pentane, Freon -11 and Freon -12. Based on the calculation and analysis, we choose five typical working fluids - water, ammonia, acetone, methanol and freon -12, and conduct experimental research on the heat pipe performance. The heat transfer coefficient, Rapid boiling start heat flow. The results of calculation and experiment show that the heat pipe working medium in the ideal gravity heat pipe solar panel heat collector is ammonia first, followed by freon -12 and acetone. However, from a practical point of view, Freon -12 and acetone are the ideal working fluid.