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我国河道堤防工程主要是修建在河流中下游冲积平原上,因此基础大都为沙基。而且这些堤防往往是民工历年逐渐堆积培修加固而成的,大都没有进行基础处理。因此,当遇到洪水时,经常发生基础渗透破坏和塌坡等险情,极易导致大堤溃决。另外,是在现有堤防上,为满足当地群众排涝水和交通等生产、生活需要,修建了穿堤涵闸。这些小型穿堤涵闸大都由群众自建,不少是没有设计的。有的是标准太低,结构安全度太小,施工质量差,回填土不密实,年久失修。基础渗漏,闸身有裂缝,有的闸门开启困难。高水位时险情频出,基至决堤。
China’s river embankment project is mainly built in the alluvial plains in the middle and lower reaches of the river, so the foundation is mostly Shaki. Moreover, these dikes are often gradually accumulated by training and reinforcement of migrant workers over the years, most of them without any basic treatment. Therefore, when encountering flooding, frequent infiltration and destruction of slopes and other dangerous situations can easily lead to the collapse of the dike. In addition, on the existing embankments, in order to meet the production and living needs of local people such as drainage and traffic and traffic, a ditch embankment sluice was built. Most of these small embankments through the embankment built by the masses, many of them are not designed. Some standards are too low, the structural safety is too small, poor construction quality, backfill soil is not very solid, disrepair. Base leakage, cracks in the body, and some open the gate difficult. Frequent high-risk situations, based on the burst of the embankment.