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教育实验和其他实验研究一样,总是要探讨假定原因与假定结果之间的“因果”联系。譬如说,尝试改革教学方法实验,我们可以在k个平行班分别采用k种不同的方法教授同样的内容。在这儿,教学方法就是实验研究中的假定原因变量（又称自变量,或实验变量）,所尝试的各种教学方法是实验变量的不同“取值”,又被称作为不同的实验处理;而幼儿相应方面的发展水平就可以作为实验的假定结果变量（又称因变量,或反应变量）。
Educational Experiments As with other experimental studies, it is always necessary to explore the “causal” link between what is assumed and what is assumed. For example, trying to reform the teaching method experiment, we can teach the same content in k different ways in k parallel classes respectively. Here, the teaching method is the hypothetical cause variable (also called independent variable or experimental variable) in the experimental research. The various teaching methods tried are different “values” of the experimental variables and are also called different experimental treatments; The corresponding level of development of young children can be used as experimental hypothetical outcome variables (also known as dependent variables, or response variables).