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基于外商直接投资、经济规模、环境交互影响的分析框架,本文从规模效应、结构效应、环境技术效应、管制效应的多重角度探讨FDI影响环境的作用机理。通过建立联立方程模型,利用我国1988-2007年数据定量分析了FDI影响环境的各种效应大小和方向。研究结果表明:FDI对环境产生了消极的规模效应、积极的结构效应、积极的环境技术效应,管制效应尚不明显,总效应为负。基于我国制造行业层面的研究结果进一步印证了这一结论。合理引导FDI产业布局、充分发挥技术进步、技术扩散作用,大力加强环境管制等政策措施应是实现FDI正面环境效应的有效途径。
Based on the analysis framework of the impact of FDI, economic scale and environmental interaction, this paper explores the mechanism of FDI’s impact on the environment from multiple perspectives of scale effect, structure effect, environmental technology effect and regulatory effect. Through the establishment of simultaneous equations model, we use the data of 1988-2007 in our country to quantitatively analyze the magnitude and direction of various effects of FDI on the environment. The results show that: FDI has a negative scale effect on the environment, positive structural effects, positive environmental technology effects, regulatory effects are not yet obvious, the total effect is negative. This conclusion is further confirmed based on the research results of the manufacturing industry in China. It is an effective way to guide the FDI industry layout, give full play to the technological progress, the technology diffusion effect and vigorously strengthen the environmental regulation and other policies and measures should be to achieve positive environmental effects of FDI.