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哈佛大学的生物学家E.O.威尔逊的研究对象是一种高度社会化的膜翅目昆虫—蚂蚁。在对它们的社会结构进行了多年研究之后,威尔逊得出一个结论 :任何一次社会平衡被打破,都只是为系统提供了一个再次建立平衡的机会。但很遗憾,这些新的平衡相对于老的平衡,大多数都是次优的,比以前还不如。能实现向上迁跃的新平衡非常少,需要难得的运气。张维迎教授的演讲里多次提到了英国、美国和法国的历史,论述了既得利益者回应甚至引领社会变革的原因和结果。在这个话题上,我们中国人也有切身的喜悦和悲哀:一百多年前,由既得利益阶层
Harvard biologist E.O. Wilson’s research object is a highly socialized Hymenoptera insect - ants. After years of researching their social structures, Wilson came to the conclusion that any break in the social balance provides only a chance for the system to re-establish itself. But, regrettably, most of these new balances are inferior to the old ones, inferior to the previous ones. The new balance to be able to move upwards is very small and requires rare luck. Professor Zhang Weiying repeatedly mentioned the history of Britain, the United States and France in his speech, and discussed the reasons and results of vested interests in responding to and even leading to social changes. On this topic, we, Chinese people, are also personally pleased and sad: one hundred years ago, the vested interests