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采用陷阱法在地表节肢动物活动高峰期(7—8月)对辽东山区蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)林、胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)林和阔叶混交林3种次生林以及红松(Pinus koraiensis)人工林和落叶松(Larix spp.)人工林地表节肢动物群落进行了调查。共捕获地表节肢动物5135头,隶属于7纲18目66个类群,优势类群为蚁科(20.4%)、葬甲科(19.5%)、蜣螂科(17.2%)和步甲科(14.5%);地表节肢动物的功能群丰度依次为:腐食性>杂食性>捕食性>植食性;系统聚类分析表明,地表节肢动物群落和地表甲虫群落均显示红松人工林、落叶松人工林和胡桃楸林群落结构聚为一类,蒙古栎林和阔叶混交林群落聚为一类;冗余度分析表明,凋落物厚度、植被盖度与树高因子可以解释地表节肢动物及地表甲虫群落差异的85.9%和81.9%。研究结果表明,研究区森林植被及凋落物状况、人为干扰是影响研究区大型地表节肢动物群落多样性的重要因素。
Trap method was used to investigate the effects of surface arthropod activity on the secondary forest of Quercus mongolica forest, Juglans mandshurica forest and broad-leaved mixed forest and Pinus koraiensis plantation in the mountainous area of Liaodong Mountain in July and August. Forest and Larix spp. Plantation surface arthropod communities were investigated. A total of 5135 heads of arthropods were captured, belonging to 66 families of 18 classes, 7 classes and 18 dominant groups. The dominant groups were 20.4% for ants, 19.5% for funeral, 17.2% for beetle and 14.5% ). The abundance of functional groups of surface arthropods were: carnivore> omnivore> predation> herbivore. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that both the surface arthropod community and the surface beetle community showed that the Pinus koraiensis plantation and the Larix gmelinii plantation And Juglans mandshurica forest communities clustered into one group, and the Mongolian oak forest and broad-leaved mixed forest communities clustered into one category. The redundancy analysis indicated that the thickness of litter, vegetation coverage and tree height could explain the differences of surface arthropods and surface beetles 85.9% and 81.9% of the community differences. The results show that the status of forest vegetation, litterfall and man-made disturbance are important factors affecting the diversity of large-scale surface arthropod communities in the study area.