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以90名在校大学生作为被试,使用自编体育情境风险决策问卷,并通过E-prime系统呈现,初步系统验证了前景理论对于解释、预测体育情境中的风险决策行为的适用性,并检验了认知风格、成就动机、风险偏好等因素对体育情境决策制定的影响。结果表明:(1)在体育情境下人们同样存在着与理性决策系统的偏差,与前景理论的理论模型基本一致;(2)上述因素对体育情境中的风险决策行为具有部分影响。场依存型对于三种启发法的依赖明显高于场独立型;在收益和损失情境下的风险追求者表现出较高的追求成功的动机水平,且与风险回避者在该动机上存在显著差异;局外人和局内人的参与角度对于被试的行为抉择没有显著影响。对上述结果的理论与实践意义,以及今后研究的可能方向进行了讨论。
90 college students were used as subjects, self-compiled questionnaire about physical situation risk was used and presented by E-prime system. The preliminary validated the applicability of foreground theory to explain and forecast risk decision-making in sports situations, and tested The influence of cognitive style, achievement motivation, risk appetite and other factors on the formulation of sports situation decision. The results show that: (1) People also have deviation from the rational decision-making system under the sports situation, which is basically consistent with the theoretical model of the prospect theory; (2) The above factors have some effects on the risk decision-making behavior in the sports context. The dependence of field dependence on the three heuristics is significantly higher than that of field independence; the risk appetite in the return and loss scenarios shows a higher level of motivation to pursue success and is significantly different from the risk averse in motivation ; The participation angle of outsider and insider has no significant influence on subjects’ choice of behavior. The theoretical and practical significance of the above results and the possible directions for future research are discussed.