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目的调查青岛市李沧区学龄前儿童肥胖流行情况,分析其与儿童体质间的关联。方法采用分层与整群相结合的抽样方法,依据《国民体质测定标准手册(幼儿部分)》对青岛市李沧区37所幼儿园共6647名4~6岁学龄前儿童进行调查。结果调查对象肥胖率为12.9%,其中男童12.4%、女童13.6%,肥胖水平随年龄增大上升趋势不明显(χ~2=3.02,P≥0.05);公、私立幼儿园肥胖率分别为14.7%和11.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16.210,P<0.01),公、私立幼儿园6岁~年龄段肥胖率差异明显,有统计学意义(17.0%vs 9.8%,χ~2=22.976,P<0.01)。无论男女,除坐位体前屈和网球掷远外,各个方面均表现出体重正常儿童优于肥胖儿童。结论青岛市李沧区学龄前儿童肥胖率较高,肥胖与儿童体质尤其是灵敏性、爆发力协调性和下肢力量相关的发育相关。
Objective To investigate prevalence of obesity among pre-school children in Licang District, Qingdao City, and to analyze its association with children’s physique. Methods A total of 6647 preschoolers aged 4 ~ 6 years from 37 kindergartens in Licang District of Qingdao City were surveyed by using the sampling method combined with stratification and cluster analysis in accordance with the National Physical Testing Standards Handbook (Kindergarten Part). Results The obesity rate in the surveyed subjects was 12.9%, including 12.4% for boys and 13.6% for girls, and the obesity level increased with age (χ ~ 2 = 3.02, P≥0.05). The obesity rates in public and private kindergartens were 14.7 % And 11.4%, respectively (χ ~ 2 = 16.210, P <0.01). The obesity rates of 6-year-old kindergartens were significantly different between the two groups (17.0% vs 9.8%, χ ~ 2 = 22.976, P <0.01). Both men and women, in addition to sitting flexion and tennis throw away, all aspects of weight-normal children showed better than obese children. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity in preschool children in Licang district of Qingdao City is relatively high. The relationship between obesity and children’s physique is especially the sensitivity, explosive coordination and lower limb strength related development.