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杂交水稻制种花期相遇良好,是获得高产的关键。然而花期相遇又受三系来源、气候因素、栽培条件以及错期和施肥合理等因素所支配,往往同一地区、甚至同一田垅,其花期也有差异.多年来在制种时,都要用调花措施加以纠正。近两年来笔者从制种实践中体会到目前最简单、最有效的方法是喷施磷酸氢二钾溶液。这一方法在距抽穗不远的时间,比采取施偏肥等其他措施,易于掌握,且效果良好。一九八三年泰和县水槎公社前龙大队一队制种户凌祯祥三点五零亩“汕优二号”制种田,在母本幼穗分化三期时检查,母本比一期父本慢了两期多,随即用磷酸二氢钾溶液三次对母本喷施。其结果母本幼穗发育进度加快,双亲抽穗时,花期基本相遇,三点五亩田共收杂交种七百二十八点五斤,平均亩产二百零八斤,高于相邻制种田苗架相近而未喷施磷酸二氢钾的亩产量百分之三十九。
Hybrid rice seeded at flowering stage is the key to high yield. However, the flowering period is also dominated by three lines of origin, climatic factors, cultivation conditions and reasonable periods of errors and fertilization, etc. In the same area or even the same field, there are differences in the flowering period. Take measures to correct it. The past two years I learned from the seed production practice is currently the most simple and effective method is to spray dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution. This method is not far from the heading time, than the other measures such as partial fertilizer, easy to grasp, and the effect is good. In 1983, a team of former team of Qianlong Team of Shuitian commune in Taihe County, Lingzhenxiang, was reared in “Shanyou No. 2” system and was examined at the third stage of maternal spike differentiation. Period father slow two more, then with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution three times the mother spray. As a result, the growth of the female parent panicle accelerated. During the heading of parents, the flowering period basically met. In the 3.5-acre field, a total of 728.8 kg of hybrids were obtained, with an average yield of 208 kg per mu, higher than that of the adjacent system Nearly 39% of the mu production of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was not caused by the similar crop seedlings.