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晶界成分偏聚对多晶材料的力学性能有很大影响,探明影响晶界成分偏聚的因素和偏聚机理,对改善材料性能和优化设计合金系统具有重要意义。本文通过归纳近几年来国内外原子尺度研究晶界成分偏聚及其机理的研究进展,分析了间隙原子,置换型原子和空位在晶界的偏聚及其对材料性能的影响,讨论了成分偏聚与合金元素择优占位行为的关系,总结了晶界成分偏聚对材料力学性能影响的根本原因。
The segregation of the grain boundary composition has a great influence on the mechanical properties of the polycrystalline material. It is of great significance to explore the factors that affect the segregation of the grain boundaries and the segregation mechanism to improve the material properties and optimize the design of the alloy system. In this paper, we summarize the segregation and mechanism of grain boundary composition at home and abroad at home and abroad in recent years, and analyze the segregation of interstitial atoms, substitutional atoms and vacancies in the grain boundaries and their influence on the material properties. The effects of composition Segregation and alloying elements, and summarizes the fundamental reason why the segregation of grain boundaries affect the mechanical properties of materials.