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自2013年10月习主席提出愿与东盟国家共同建设21世纪“海上丝绸之路”之后,中国一直将推动“新海丝”作为重点外交任务。目前中国与海上丝绸之路沿线国家在哪些产业上具有比较优势?双方在贸易上是否存在互补性?弄清楚这些问题对扩大双边的经贸合作规模,建立更进一步的战略合作伙伴关系具有重要的现实意义。基于中国与泰国、印度、沙特、埃及、土耳其五国2013年的贸易数据,从产业层面对中国与主要海上丝绸之路国家的贸易比较优势进行了测算,双方贸易互补性总体呈不断上升的趋势。最后还从经济与贸易角度对上述实证结果进行了解读,并提出了相应的对策建议。
Since Chairman Xi proposed in October 2013 that China and ASEAN countries would like to jointly build the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, China has been promoting “Xinhai Si” as its key diplomatic task. At present, which industries in China and the countries along the Maritime Silk Road have comparative advantages? Are there any complementarities in trade between the two sides? It is important to make clear that these issues are of great significance to expanding the scale of bilateral economic and trade cooperation and establishing a more strategic and cooperative partnership significance. Based on the 2013 trade data between China and Thailand, India, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Turkey in 2013, the comparative advantage of trade between China and major maritime Silk Road countries was measured at the industrial level, and the trade complementarity of both sides showed an increasing trend . Finally, we also interpret the above empirical results from the economic and trade perspectives and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.