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《侵权责任法》第69条作为高度危险责任的一般条款,采取了与《民法通则》第123条不同的立法方式,避免了不完全列举方式所产生的弊端,但仍存在着明显的局限。在设置高度危险责任的一般条款时,明确“高度危险”内涵已经成为现代侵权法的一大发展趋向。对此应考虑三方面的因素:风险导致损害后果的严重性和风险发生的极大可能性,通过合理的注意义务仍不能避免风险产生,须导致“典型风险”的损害。
Article 69 of the Tort Liability Act, as a general clause of high-risk liability, adopts a different legislative approach from Article 123 of the General Principles of Civil Law and avoids the drawbacks arising from incomplete enumeration. However, there are still obvious limitations. In setting the general clauses of the liability for high risk, it is clear that the definition of “highly dangerous” has become a major development trend of modern tort law. In this regard, three factors should be considered: the seriousness of the consequence of the risk caused by the risk and the great possibility of the risk occurring, and the risk can not be avoided through a reasonable care of the obligation, which should result in the damage of “typical risk ”.