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1．列宁说:“任何国家都意味着使用暴力,而全部区别就在于:这种暴力是用来反对被剥削者还是反对剥削者。”P．45(1)这里讲的“暴力”是指国家的常备军、警察、监狱等暴力设施。暴力机关是国家机构中的特殊组成部分,是国家赖以生存的标志之一。任何性质的国家都以暴力机关为后盾,否则,所有国家的权力都将失去作用,“国将不国”。(2)马克思主义认为,国家是阶级矛盾不可调和的产物和表现,是阶级统治的政治权力机关。阶级性是国家的根本属性。暴力设施既可以用来为剥削阶级服务,镇压被剥削阶级的反抗,也可以用来为被剥削阶级服务,反对曾经剥削和压迫过自己的剥削阶级。如果是用来反对剥削者,那么这个国家就是剥削阶级掌权的国家。如果是用来反对剥削者,那么这个国家就
1. Lenin said: “Any country means using violence, but the difference lies entirely in whether this kind of violence is used against the exploited or against the exploiter.” 45(1) “Violence” here refers to the country’s standing army, police, prisons and other violent facilities. Violent institutions are a special part of state institutions and are one of the signs that the state depends on. Countries of any nature are backed by violent institutions. Otherwise, the power of all countries will be lost. “The country will not be a country.” (2) Marxism holds that the state is the product and manifestation of irreconcilable class contradictions, and is the political power organ of class rule. Class nature is the fundamental attribute of the country. Violent facilities can be used to serve the exploiting class, suppress the resistance of the exploited class, and can also be used to serve the exploited class against the exploiting class that has once exploited and oppressed it. If it is used to oppose the exploiters, then this country is the country that exploits the power of the class. If it is used against the exploiter, then this country will