论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨贫困与富裕儿童的社会适应现状、行为特点、问题的共同性与差异性。方法采用自编简洁易懂的儿童社会适应自评表(问卷内部一致性信度为0.900),对浙江某沿海地区608名贫困学生与富裕学生(其中贫困生276人,富裕生332人)的社会适应能力进行了调查。结果①富裕家庭的学生在人际适应(F=30.461,P=0.000)、学习适应(F=43.340,P=0.000)、生活适应(F=21.694,P=0.000)、自我意识(F=21.694,P=0.000)上显著优于贫困生;②女生随着年级升高,人际适应水平呈显著下降状态(F=10.643,P=0.001);③小学女生的生活适应优于男生(F=7.594,P=0.007)。结论贫困学生社会适应状况相对不佳,富裕生社会适应比较好;随着年级的增高,社会适应问题呈分化状态。女生比男生有更明显的社会适应水平下降的状态。
Objective To explore the status quo of social adaptation, behavioral characteristics, commonalities and differences between the poor and affluent children. Methods A self-assessment questionnaire for children’s social adaptability (self-assessment scale of internal consistency of questionnaire was 0.900) was compiled. A total of 608 impoverished students and affluent students in a coastal area of Zhejiang Province (276 poor students and 332 affluent students) Social adaptability was investigated. Results (1) The students in well-to-do families were significantly different in interpersonal adaptation (F = 30.461, P = 0.000), adaptation to learning (F = 43.340, P = 0.000) P = 0.000) was significantly better than that of poor students; ②With the grade increasing, the level of interpersonal adaptation decreased significantly (F = 10.643, P = 0.001); ③The primary school girl’s life adaptation was better than that of the boys (F = 7.594, P = 0.007). Conclusions The poor students ’social adaptation is relatively poor, and the well-to-do students’ social adaptation is better. With the increase of their grades, the social adaptation problems are in a state of differentiation. Girls have a more pronounced state of social adjustment than boys.