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Based on the morphology of Luoshan-Hankou reach at the middle Yangtze River, the one-dimensional, unsteady flow and sediment transport numerical model was adopted to study the generalized channel equilibrium profile. The variation of the longitudinal equilibrium profile, and the relation with the condition of the inflow water and sediment from the upper reach were analyzed. Meanwhile, the numerical simulation results were compared with the corresponding theoretical results. Finally, the equilibrium longitudinal slope variations and its impact on flood control were analyzed after the sediment transport process has changed.