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答:细菌对抗生素产生耐药性的原理,目前尚未完全明了,多数认为是突变与诱导所形成。在自然界中存在着极少数耐药菌,它们混杂在大量的敏感菌中;或者是通过突变或耐药性遗传因子——质粒(plasmid,为染色体外遗传物质,由DNA组成,有自我复制能力)的传递而变成了耐药菌。多数耐药菌来源于此。此外,还存在着一类由抗生素诱导而产生的耐药菌。葡萄球菌的不耐药菌株,与青霉素、氯霉素、四环素,大环内酯类抗生素较长期接触可产生耐药性,
A: The principle of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, has not yet fully understood, the majority believe that the formation of mutations and induced. In nature there are very few resistant bacteria, which are mixed in a large number of sensitive bacteria; or by mutation or drug resistance genetic factors - plasmid (extrachromosomal genetic material, composed of DNA, self-replication ability ) And become resistant to bacteria transmission. Most resistant strains come from this. In addition, there is a class of antibiotic-induced resistance to bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus drug-resistant strains, and penicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, macrolide antibiotics longer-term exposure can produce drug resistance,