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一、前言随着现代工业的飞速发展,汽车运输对公路桥梁的通过能力和承载能力的要求越来越高,许多旧桥不能适应日益增长的交通量的需要,这个问题在一些工业发达国家呼声已相当强烈。桥梁的陈旧、老化、破损这一世界普遍存在的问题,已引起了国际合作发展组织的高度重视,其中20多个国家已设立了专门机构,研究旧桥检查和加固工作。根据1976年美、日、西欧等国的建桥费用统计资料,每平方米新建桥面的费用为400～600美元,而且是逐年上升的趋势,而
I. INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of modern industry, the demand of automobile transportation for the passing and carrying capacity of highway bridges is getting higher and higher, and many old bridges can not meet the needs of increasing traffic volume. This issue is called in some industrialized countries Already quite strong. The common problems of aging, aging and damaged bridges in the world have drawn great attention from the International Organization for Cooperation and Development. Over 20 countries have set up specialized agencies to study the inspection and reinforcement of old bridges. According to the statistical data of the bridge construction costs of the United States, Japan and Western Europe in 1976, the cost of newly constructed bridge decks per square meter is 400 to 600 U.S. dollars, which is a trend of increasing year by year.