Sedentary behaviors have been associated with an increased risk of chronic disease and mortality. As office workers spend 70 to 85% of their time sitting, this study assessed the effect of a program designed to decrease sitting time at work.
METHODSEligible subjects were office workers, 18 to 70 years of age, who spent at least 75% of their working day in a seated position. The participants were randomized at the office group level. Those in the intervention group received SMArT work intervention, including a height adjustable desk and education concerning the consequences of sitting. An electronic cushion provided feedback by vibration regarding sitting time. The control group were not given lifestyle advice, guidance or modified work stations.
The primary outcome measure was change in occupational sitting time, as assessed by an ergometer. Secondary outcomes included physical activity, musculoskeletal health, work-related measures and measures of cognition, mood, and quality of life. The subjects were assessed at baseline and at three, six-and 12-months′ follow-ups.
RESULTSAt 12-month follow-up, compared to controls, the intervention group had a reduction in sit time of 83.28 minutes per work day, with prolonged sitting time reduced by 44.93 minutes per work day. At 12 months, the intervention group obtained significantly better scores in job performance and recovery from occupational fatigue, but not in job satisfaction. The intervention group also earned better scores in time management and mentalinterpersonal demands than did the control group. The intervention group also demonstrated better scores on the Stroop Color Word Test-Reaction Time, quality of life and anxiety. No significant difference was found between groups in musculoskeletal complaints.
CONCLUSIONThis randomized, controlled study of office workers found that an intervention strategy designed to reduce sitting time can reduce sitting time and improve job performance, working engagement, occupational fatigue, anxiety and quality of life.