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为了探讨棉花黄萎病菌对土壤线虫群落结构的影响,对比研究了新疆棉花黄萎病区和对照区土壤线虫总数、各营养类群数量和生态指数之间的差异。结果表明:黄萎病区和对照区共鉴定出土壤线虫属42个,其中黄萎病区36个,对照区35个。黄萎病区0~40 cm土壤线虫总数、食细菌线虫数量、食真菌线虫数量显著低于对照区(P<0.01),植物寄生线虫和捕食-杂食线虫数量没有显著变化(P>0.05)。从相对丰富度来看,黄萎病区植物寄生线虫和捕食杂食线虫的相对丰富度显著高于对照(P<0.01),食细菌线虫的相对丰富度显著低于对照(P<0.01)。从生态指数来看,黄萎病区土壤线虫的香农-威纳多样性指数(H’)、均匀度指数(J’)、营养多样性指数(TD)均显著高于对照区(P<0.05);优势度指数(λ)、通道指数(NCR)均显著低于对照区(P<0.05)。总体而言,棉花黄萎病菌会明显改变土壤线虫的群落结构,对其多样性产生显著影响。
In order to investigate the effect of Verticillium dahliae on soil nematode community structure, the differences of the total number of soil nematodes, the number of each nutritive group and the ecological index in cotton wilt and control area were compared. The results showed that there were 42 soil nematodes identified in Verticillium wilt area and control area, including 36 Verticillium wilt area and 35 control area. The number of nematodes, the number of bacteria inoculated and the number of nematodes in 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer in Verticillium wilt were significantly lower than those in the control (P <0.01). The numbers of parasitic nematodes and omnivores did not change significantly (P> 0.05). In terms of relative abundance, the relative abundance of plant parasitic nematodes and predatory omnivores was significantly higher than that of the control (P <0.01), and the relative abundance of bacterial-eating nematodes was significantly lower than that of the control (P <0.01). From the ecological index, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H ’), evenness index (J’) and nutritional diversity index (TD) of soil nematodes in the Verticillium wilt area were significantly higher than those in the control area ); Dominance index (λ), channel index (NCR) were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05). In general, Verticillium dahliae significantly changed the community structure of soil nematodes and had a significant impact on its diversity.