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过去的20年里,乡镇企业对吸纳农村人口就业、缓解贫困、促进偏远地区的发展发挥了举足轻重的作用。随着经济形势的变化,乡镇企业在进一步发展中同样面临着制度变革、结构调整,以及融资方面的迫切问题。能否通过创新解决上述问题,已经成为乡镇企业进一步摆脱困境、健康发展、再造辉煌的世纪性课题。乡镇企业是在改革伊始计划经济还没完全转轨的特殊背景下生长起来的,相对社会主义市场经济而言,其产权制度已经制约了乡镇企业的发展。现行乡镇企业产权特别是乡镇集体企业产权的弊端是:乡村集体企业产权模糊;部分农民联
In the past 20 years, township and village enterprises have played a pivotal role in absorbing employment of rural population, alleviating poverty, and promoting the development of remote areas. With the changes in the economic situation, township and village enterprises are also faced with urgent problems in system development, structural adjustment, and financing in the further development. Whether or not these problems can be solved through innovation has become a century-oriented issue in which the township and village enterprises further get rid of difficulties, develop healthily, and recreate brilliant achievements. The township and township enterprises have grown up under the special background that the planned economy has not completely changed since the beginning of the reform. Relative to the socialist market economy, its property rights system has already restricted the development of township and village enterprises. The disadvantages of the existing property rights of township enterprises, especially those of township collective enterprises, are: The property rights of rural collective enterprises are ambiguous; some farmers’ associations