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水土保持耕作措施是在坡耕地上采取等高耕作,垄沟种植,培土松土等方法,以改变小地形,增加地面糙率,使之拦蓄雨水,加强土壤水分入渗,消除水土流失因素或削弱流失强度,从而达到保持水土、增产粮食的目的.这项技术措施早在50年代,曾进行过试验和推广应用,并取得了较好的效果.后来由于种种原因,再未推广应用,中断了近20年,目前尚未引起人们的重视,在水土保持综合治理过程中,还是个薄弱环节.延安地区水土保持研究所从1980年开始,在延安市枣园乡上砭沟村,结合综合治理,重新进行了水土保持耕作法的试验示范,并进行了大面积推广应用.通过几年来试验和生产实践证明:水土保持耕作法具有蓄水、保土、增产、增收的作用,是黄土丘陵地区防止水土流失的一项重要的农业技术措施,也是简而易行的增产技术措施,可以达到花费较少的投资和劳力,生产出较多的粮食产品,为加速退耕陡坡,还林还牧,向农林牧综合发展提供有利的物质条件.
Soil and water conservation measures include the use of contour tillage, furrow planting and soil loosening on sloping fields to change the small topography and increase the roughness of the ground so that rain water can be intercepted and soil moisture infiltration can be enhanced to eliminate or erode soil and water loss factors Loss of intensity, so as to achieve the purpose of maintaining water and soil, grain production.This technical measures as early as the 50’s, have been tested and popularized use, and achieved good results.Later for various reasons, and then not promote the use of interrupted Nearly 20 years, has not yet attracted the attention of people, in the comprehensive management of soil and water conservation process, or a weak link in Yan’an Institute of Soil and Water Conservation from 1980 onwards, Yan’an City Zaoyuan Township Shang Gou Village, combined with comprehensive management, Re-conducted experiments and demonstration of soil and water conservation farming practices and carried out large-scale popularization and application.After several years of experiments and production practices have proved that: Soil and water conservation farming has the function of water storage, soil conservation, increase production and income increase, Soil and water loss is an important agricultural technology measures, but also simple and easy stimulation of production technology, can be spent less investment and labor to produce more Food products, in order to speed up the steep slope farmland, forests and animal husbandry also provide material conditions favorable to the development of an integrated animal husbandry.