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微生物未甲基化Cp G DNA为富含未甲基化胞嘧啶-鸟嘌呤二核苷酸的DNA片段,能够被动物肠道细胞Toll样受体家族中的TLR9受体(Toll-like receptor 9,TLR9)特异性识别。未甲基化Cp G DNA作为一种动物肠道免疫刺激因子,不仅能够直接调节肠道固有免疫应答,同时还能间接介导肠道适应性免疫应答。未甲基化Cp G DNA具有调节机体免疫应答作用的应用前景,成为免疫佐剂开发的研究热点。本文主要综述微生物未甲基化Cp G DNA基本概念、受体TLR9的特征、调节动物肠道免疫作用及其信号机制,同时阐述了未甲基化Cp G DNA作为免疫佐剂在实际中的应用,最后对微生物未甲基化Cp G DNA研究与开发利用前景进行了展望。
Microbial unmethylated CpG DNA is a DNA fragment rich in unmethylated cytosine-guanine dinucleotides that is capable of being recognized by the TLR9 receptor (Toll-like receptor 9) in the Toll-like receptor family of gut cells , TLR9) specific recognition. As an animal intestinal immune stimulator, unmethylated CpG DNA not only directly regulates the innate immune response in the gut, but also indirectly mediates the intestinal adaptive immune response. Unmethylated CpG DNA has the application prospect of regulating the immune response of the body and becomes a research hotspot in the development of immune adjuvants. In this paper, the basic concepts of unmethylated CpG DNA of microorganisms, characteristics of TLR9, regulation of intestinal immune function and its signaling mechanism are summarized, and the application of unmethylated CpG DNA as immune adjuvant in practice Finally, the prospects for the research, development and utilization of unmethylated CpG DNA were discussed.