论文部分内容阅读
为什么麦道公司的MD-80喷气客机、IBM公司的个人计算机用打印机、DEC公司的VAX计算机及索尼公司的D-5激光唱机得到普及?这些产品均包含着好的设计的原则。 当今全球性竞争剧烈,制造商正要求工程师提供生存的秘诀,要求他们设计的产品比过去更便于生产、能很快投入市场、使用与维护更可靠更安全。 如同为特定用途而优化设计,对市场的了解同样重要。工程师必须增强采用安全性设计以减少产品对用户造成的危害。在整个设计过程中工程师与其他职工要共同负责。设计小组的形式在当今很多工业部门中愈来愈重要。为了高速装配所作的设计是一个热门课题,IBM公司的打印机是一个好的例子。 工作站与个人计算机使电气工程师手中有了强有力的硬件和软件工具,这给电子系统的设计及工程师的工作习惯带来根本性的变化。对机械工程师来说,利用个人计算机的三维建模程序可减少猜试次数,节省大量时间与费用。计算机辅助设计也使复杂系统的设计人员能通过系统很多层次的描述来跟踪它们的图式。 由于市场要求的改变或跻身新的市场、或有了新的技术、或使其产品仍具有竞争能力,工程师常二次设计产品。 文中以10个产品为例说明好的设计的原则,从电话机用芯片直至飞机这样一些系统。
Why MD-80 Jetliners from McDonnell Douglas, IBM Personal Computer Printers, DEC VAX Computers and Sony’s D-5 Compact Disc Players? All of these products incorporate good design principles. Today’s global competition is fierce, and manufacturers are asking engineers to provide tips on how to survive, requiring them to design products that are easier to produce than before, get to market quickly, be more reliable and safer to use and maintain. As well as optimizing for a specific purpose, understanding of the market is just as important. Engineers must enhance the use of safety design to reduce the harm caused by the product to users. Engineers and other workers in the entire design process should be jointly responsible. The design team’s form has become increasingly important in many industries today. The design of high-speed assembly is a hot topic, IBM’s printer is a good example. Workstations and personal computers have given electricians powerful hardware and software tools in their hands, bringing fundamental changes in the design of electronic systems and the work habits of engineers. For mechanical engineers, the use of personal computer 3D modeling program can reduce the number of guessing, save a lot of time and costs. Computer-aided design also enables designers of complex systems to follow their schematics through many levels of system description. Engineers often design products twice because of changes in market requirements or positioning themselves in new markets or with new technologies or to make their products competitive. The article takes 10 products as an example to illustrate the principle of good design, from telephone chips to aircraft such systems.