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目的了解龙岩市各乡镇免疫覆盖情况,为改进我市免疫规划措施提供科学依据。方法按照批质量保证抽样法(LQAS),每个乡镇随机抽取5个行政村,每个村再按照系统抽样法抽取8-10名(共42名)常住儿童调查免疫规划疫苗接种率。结果调查儿童建证率100%,建卡率99.76%。此次调查的扩大国家免疫规划(NIP)疫苗基础免疫及加强免疫接种率均>95.00%,乙肝疫苗首针及时率96.62%,麻疹疫苗首针及时率84.72%。城区与农村儿童NIP疫苗基础及加强免疫各剂次接种率之间差异无统计学意义。109个调查乡镇(包括23个合并乡镇)NIP疫苗基础免疫免疫覆盖率均达到90.00%以上;DPT4、MV2、JEV2、HepA免疫覆盖达90%以上的乡镇分别占98.17%(107/109)、99.08%(108/109)、90.83%(99/109)、94.50%(103/109)。结论我市NIP疫苗基础免疫和加强免疫均维持在较高水平,但需加强麻疹首针合格接种。城区与农村儿童免疫接种率差异无统计学意义。95.00%以上的乡镇NIP疫苗基础及加强免疫免疫覆盖率均达到了90.00%以上,但个别乡镇在DPT4、MV2、JEV2与HepA的免疫实施方面仍需加强。
Objective To understand the immunization coverage of towns and villages in Longyan City and provide a scientific basis for improving the immunization planning measures in our city. Methods According to Batch Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS), 5 administrative villages were randomly selected in each township, and each village was sampled according to the systematic sampling method to investigate the vaccination coverage of immunization programs of 8-10 residents (42 in total). Results The survey of children’s rate of 100%, card rate of 99.76%. The survey expanded the coverage of the National Immunization Program (NIP) vaccine basic immunization and boosting vaccination rates were> 95.00%, hepatitis B vaccine first needle 96.62% timely rate, measles vaccine first needle timely rate of 84.72%. There was no significant difference in the basis of NIP vaccine and inoculation rate of each dose between urban and rural children. The coverage rates of basic immunization and immunization of NIP vaccine reached more than 90.00% in 109 investigated villages and towns (including 23 merged towns and townships), 98.17% (107/109) and 99.08 (%) respectively in villages with 90% or more of DPT4, MV2, JEV2 and HepA immunization coverage % (108/109), 90.83% (99/109), 94.50% (103/109). Conclusion The basic immunization and booster immunization of NIP vaccine in our city are maintained at a high level, but the first needles of measles should be strengthened. There was no significant difference in immunization rates between urban and rural children. More than 95.00% of township NIP vaccine bases and the coverage of immunization and immunization coverage reached more than 90.00%, but the individual townships still need to strengthen the immunization of DPT4, MV2, JEV2 and HepA.