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目的了解潍坊市住院分娩产妇乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)检测及其所生新生儿首针乙肝疫苗及时接种情况,为进一步完善新生儿乙肝免疫预防策略提供依据。方法采取回顾性调查的方法,对2012年潍坊市各级医疗机构孕产妇HBsAg检测和新生儿首针乙肝疫苗接种情况进行调查。结果调查潍坊市2012年各级医疗机构住院分娩产妇103 236名,新生儿103 226名,其中本市新生儿87 825名,外地新生儿15 401名。产妇HBsAg检查率为97.24%,各县(市、区)为96.15%~98.53%;已检查者阳性率为2.97%,各县(市、区)为2.17%~5.14%。新生儿首针乙肝及时接种率为96.69%,各县(市、区)为92.81%~98.15%。乙肝疫苗及时接种率,本地新生儿为97.10%,外地新生儿为94.40%(P<0.01)。2 173名未及时接种乙肝疫苗的新生儿中,未及时接种原因为患病占83.16%,早产、难产的占6.07%,低体重儿占8.61%,家长拒绝占0.46%,新生儿窒息占0.37%,新生儿畸形占0.51%,其他占0.83%。结论潍坊市2012年各级医院对住院的孕产妇产前HBsAg筛查率较高,其所生的新生儿24h内乙肝疫苗及时接种率较高。
Objective To investigate the detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and the timely inoculation of the first needle hepatitis B vaccine in newborns in Weifang City, so as to provide evidence for further improving the strategy of hepatitis B immunization in newborns. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to investigate the detection of HBsAg in maternity and hepatitis B vaccination in newborns in all medical institutions in 2012 in Weifang City. Results Weifang surveyed 103 236 maternal and childbirth 103 226 newborns in all medical institutions in Weifang in 2012, including 87 825 newborns and 15 401 newborns in the city. The detection rate of HBsAg in mothers was 97.24%, and in all counties (cities and districts) was 96.15% -98.53%. The positive rate of maternal HBsAg was 2.97% and 2.17% -5.14% in all counties (cities and districts). The first-dose neonatal hepatitis B timely inoculation rate of 96.69%, counties (cities, districts) was 92.81% ~ 98.15%. The timely vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 97.10% in local newborns and 94.40% in newborn infants (P <0.01). Of the 2 173 newborns who did not receive timely hepatitis B vaccine, 83.16% of them were prematurely vaccinated, 6.07% were premature and dystocia, 8.61% were born with low birth weight, 0.46% were rejected by parents, and 0.37% was neonatal asphyxia %, Neonatal malformations accounted for 0.51%, others accounted for 0.83%. Conclusion Weifang City in 2012 hospitals at all levels of prenatal screening of pregnant women with high rates of HBsAg prenatal neonatal hepatitis B vaccine timely vaccination rate higher.