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1941年Rupel和Brown首次报告运用内窥镜经肾造瘘管取出肾结石。1955年Goodwin报告了用经皮穿刺针(Trocar)行肾造瘘管引流肾积水,并将经皮肾造瘘术Percukaneous Nephrostomy简称PCN方法从治疗学扩大到诊断学概念,作为估价积水肾功能的一种手段。80年代初腔内泌尿学的兴起,PCN已被企面应用在上尿路以结石为主的多种疾病的诊断和治疗。治疗上与开放性外科手术相比,PCN不仅具有同样较高的治愈率,而且还有简单、创伤小、花费少及住院时间短等的优越性。
In 1941, Rupel and Brown first reported the use of endoscopic renal nephrostomy to remove kidney stones. Goodwin, 1955, reported percutaneous nephrostomy drainage of hydronephrosis with a percutaneous needle (Trocar) and percutaneous nephrostomy called Percukaneous Nephrostomy referred to as PCN method from therapeutics to diagnostic concepts as a basis for assessing hydronephrosis the wrist of. The early 1980s the rise of endourology, PCN has been used in the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of diseases in the upper urinary tract stones. Compared with open surgery, PCN not only has the same high cure rate, but also has the advantages of simple, less trauma, less cost and shorter hospital stay.