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目的了解城乡12岁儿童口腔健康及龋患率的影响因素,为制定口腔健康干预措施提供建议。方法于2015年4-6月采用随机整群抽样的方法对在校的12岁儿童进行问卷调查与口腔健康检查,口腔健康检查由经统一培训的牙科医生采用一次性的社区牙周指数(CPI)探针进行,数据采用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析。比较龋均采用独立样本的t检验,率的比较采用χ2检验,第一恒磨牙龋患率影响因素采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果城市与农村分别调查了12岁儿童1 022人与1 003人,正确刷牙率城市学生(36.99%)高于农村学生(12.76%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=158.48,P<0.05)。城市儿童第一恒磨牙的龋患率(10.27%)远低于农村学生(37.69%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=209.44,P<0.01),恒牙龋患率城市与农村分别是11.06%与53.04%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=411.06,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.37~2.09)、平时进食糖果、巧克力的频率(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.04~1.60)、每天刷牙次数(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.15~1.93)、是否在早餐前与睡觉前刷2次牙(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.58~0.99)、自我口腔健康状况评价(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.12~1.44)是第一恒磨牙龋患率的独立影响因素。结论重庆市农村儿童口腔健康状况差,应加强儿童口腔疾病预防防治工作。
Objective To understand the influencing factors of oral health and caries prevalence in 12-year-olds in urban and rural areas and provide suggestions for developing oral health interventions. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire and oral health examination on 12-year-old children in April-June 2015. Oral health examination consisted of a one-off community periodontal index (CPI) ) Probe, the data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Caries were compared with t-test independent samples, the rate was compared using χ2 test, the first permanent molar dental caries prevalence factors using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results There were 1 022 and 1 003 12-year-old children in urban and rural areas respectively. The correct rate of brushing was higher in urban students (36.99%) than in rural students (12.76%) (χ2 = 158.48, P <0.05) . The prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molars of urban children (10.27%) was significantly lower than that of rural students (37.69%) (χ2 = 209.44, P <0.01) 53.04%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 411.06, P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of eating chocolate and chocolate (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04-1.60) and the number of teeth brushing per day (OR = 1.69,95% CI: 1.37-2.09) 1.49, 95% CI: 1.15-1.93), whether to brush the teeth twice before going to bed and before going to bed (OR = 0.76,95% CI: 0.58-0.99), self oral health evaluation 1.12 ~ 1.44) were the independent influential factors of the first permanent molars caries rate. Conclusion The oral health of rural children in Chongqing is poor and the prevention and control of oral diseases in children should be strengthened.