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目的 探讨近20年天津市肿瘤发病的状况、总体趋势及发病特点,为临床提供一些有参考价值的诊断思路,并为肿瘤的防范提供理论依据。方法 选择天津医科大学总医院和天津医科大学第二医院病理科1981～2000年的病理档案材料227 702例,以Microsoft excel和Microsoft access对资料进行分类筛选,应用SPSS10.0版进行统计。结果 20年间外检病例总数为227 702例,检出肿瘤47 626例,占全部外检总数的20.92％。(1)良性肿瘤的高发年龄均在30～40岁之间,恶性肿瘤的高发年龄均在50～60岁之间,其中男性(57.80岁)发病年龄高于女性(53.27岁)。(2)良性肿瘤的好发部位是软组织和子宫,以脂肪瘤、平滑肌瘤多见。(3)恶性肿瘤以癌最为多见,好发部位依次为胃、肠、肺、乳腺和食管。其中男性以胃癌、肠癌和肺癌最多见;女性以乳腺癌、胃癌和肠癌最多见。(4)恶性肿瘤的组织学类型以腺癌最多见,其好发部位为胃、肠和乳腺。(5)肉瘤的好发部位有软组织、骨关节、子宫和肠。结论 本研究反映了天津市肿瘤发病情况,对我们分析中国北方肿瘤发病特点将会有所帮助。
Objective To investigate the status, general trend and incidence characteristics of oncology in Tianjin in recent 20 years and to provide some valuable diagnostic ideas for clinical practice, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of tumors. Methods Totally 227 702 pathological archives were selected from the Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 1981 to 2000. The data were classified and screened using Microsoft excel and Microsoft access, and SPSS 10.0 version was used for statistics. Results The total number of cases examined in the last 20 years was 227,702, and 47,626 cases were detected, accounting for 20.92% of the total number of cases examined. (1) The high incidence of benign tumors are between 30 and 40 years old. The incidence of malignant tumors is between 50 and 60 years old. The incidence of malignant tumors is higher in males (57.80 years) than in females (53.27 years). (2) The benign tumor is the site of soft tissue and uterus, with lipoma, leiomyoma more common. (3) cancer is the most common cancer, predilection sites were stomach, intestine, lung, breast and esophagus. Among them, men are the most common in stomach cancer, bowel cancer and lung cancer; women are the most common in breast cancer, stomach cancer and colorectal cancer. (4) histological types of malignant adenocarcinoma is the most common, the site of its predilection for the stomach, intestine and breast. (5) The sarcoma of the good site has soft tissue, bone and joint, uterus and intestine. Conclusion This study reflects the incidence of cancer in Tianjin and will be helpful for analyzing the characteristics of cancer in northern China.