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一、小说的写作背景1889年4月20日下午六点半,阿道夫·希特勒出生于奥地利布劳瑙镇的一家小客栈,母亲克拉拉·希特勒,父亲阿洛伊斯·希特勒。作为父母的第四个孩子,他因为前面三个孩子过早夭折而被父母寄予厚望。这几句简短的概括是有关纳粹领袖希特勒出生的历史事实。在此历史事实的基础上,英国作家罗尔德·达尔展开丰富的文学想象,创作出只有两千一百个单词的《生死由命》,以短篇小说的形式再现了那个历史时刻。如果小说中不出现克拉拉、阿洛伊斯·希特勒和阿道夫·希特勒这三个世人皆知的名字,此故事完全可以被单层次解读。但是,历史真实基础上的文学想象赋予故事两个层次的双重意义,那么对故事的解读也相应分为两个层次。
First, the novel writing background At half past six on April 20, 1889, Adolf Hitler was born in a small inn in the town of Braunau, Austria, mother Clara Hitler, his father Alois Hitler. As the fourth child of his parents, he was put on high hopes by his parents because of the premature death of the first three children. These brief summaries are historical facts about the birth of Nazi leader Hitler. Based on this historical fact, the British writer Rolf Dahl started a rich literary imagination and created “Life and Death” with only 2,100 words, reproducing that historic moment in the form of a short story. If the world famous names Clara, Alois Hitler and Adolf Hitler do not appear in the novel, the story can be completely unilaterally read. However, the literary imagination on the basis of historical truth gives the two meanings of the story at two levels, so the interpretation of the story is correspondingly divided into two levels.