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在一个试管中放入半药匙硫酸铜晶体,再加入2—3ml浓硫酸,振荡试管,约1—2分钟,可见溶液中的蓝色晶体逐渐变成了白色粉末。上述实验现象虽然大家都知道,但对于这种现象到底是说明了浓硫酸的吸水性还是脱水性,却有不同的看法。那么,哪一种看法正确呢? 要弄清这个问题,让我们先来比较一下浓硫酸的吸水性和脱水性的区别在哪里?我认为它们至少有以下两个方面的区别:(1)吸水性被“吸”的水是分子外部游离的水,这些水可以自由移动,其含量的多少也是不固定的。而脱水性被“脱”的水则是分子内部的水(如果分子内部没有水,则其中氢氧元素的原子个数按水的
Put a half-spoonful of copper sulfate crystal in a test tube, add 2-3 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid, vortex the tube for about 1-2 minutes, and see the blue crystal in the solution turn into a white powder gradually. Although the above experimental phenomenon is known to everyone, but for this phenomenon in the end is to explain the absorbent or dehydration of concentrated sulfuric acid, but there are different views. So, which view is correct? To understand this problem, let us first compare the difference between the water absorption and dehydration of concentrated sulfuric acid. I think that they have at least the following two differences: (1) Water absorption The water that is sexually “sucked” is free water from the outside of the molecule. The water can move freely and the amount of water is not fixed. The dehydrated water that is “off” is the water inside the molecule (if there is no water inside the molecule, the number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms is