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气压变化对地下水位微动态存在影响,而地下水位微动态变化通常携带了大量构造活动和地震异常信息,消除地下水位的气压效应对于有效识别地震异常信息具有重要意义.通过识别地下水位中主要气压影响分波并分析其变化,可以进一步探求地震过程中含水层介质的变化,进而达到预测地震的目的.本文以2008年5月12日汶川地震为例,利用南溪、巢湖与邛崃井的地下水位与气压观测数据,进行了地下水位的气压效应消除和影响地下水位的主要气压分波识别研究.通过2种回归方法得到了消除气压影响后的校正水位;利用调和分析法结合频谱分析识别了影响水位波动的气压分波;对地震前后影响井水位变化的气压分波进行了对比研究,发现地震前后主要气压影响分波发生了改变,各气压分波振幅也有不同程度的增减,这可能与气压分波各自周期性变化有关,也可能是地震造成含水层特性发生改变从而使井水位对气压的响应改变所致.
The change of barometric pressure has an impact on the micro-dynamic of groundwater level, but the micro-dynamic change of groundwater level usually carries a great deal of tectonic activity and seismic anomaly information. Eliminating the barometric pressure effect of groundwater level is of great significance for identifying the seismic anomaly information effectively. Which can influence the sub-wave and analyze its change, so as to further explore the change of the aquifer medium in the process of earthquake and achieve the goal of predicting the earthquake.Taking Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008 as an example, this paper makes use of the groundwater in Nanxi, Chaohu and Qionglai Bit and pressure observation data to eliminate the pressure effect of groundwater level and identify the main air pressure demolition waves that affect the groundwater level.The corrected water level after removing the influence of atmospheric pressure was obtained by two regression methods.Using harmonic analysis and spectral analysis to identify The results show that the main pressure changes before and after earthquakes have changed, and the amplitudes of pressure fluctuations have different degrees of increase and decrease, which may be It is also related to the periodic changes of the pressure wave and the earthquake The aqueous layer was changed into a characteristic response to the water level in the well so that the pressure change due.