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以“凯特二号”番茄为试材,研究了大蒜秸秆不同施用量对温室番茄连作土壤温度、容重、孔隙度、p H值和电导率等理化性质及其根系活力的影响。结果表明:施用大蒜秸秆后,温室番茄连作土壤0~15 cm内的最高和最低温度均与秸秆量成正比,最高和最低温度最高分别比对照高2.39℃和1.00℃;不同土层容重均随秸秆施用量增加而降低,孔隙度则随之而增加,0~10 cm土层的变化幅度最大,容重最大增幅和孔隙度的最大降幅分别为6.71%和6.18%;大蒜秸秆处理还可提高土壤p H值、降低土壤的电导度(EC),可减轻温室土壤酸化和遏制土壤次生盐渍化,0~20 cm土层内的效果较明显;施用大蒜秸秆提高了番茄根系活力(最高为31.45%),延缓了后期根系衰老。因此,大蒜秸秆还田可改善温室番茄连作土壤理化性质和提高番茄根系活力。
The effects of different application rates of garlic straw on the physico - chemical properties and root activity of soil in tomato greenhouse under continuous cropping were studied using “Cate # 2” tomato as test material. The results showed that after applying garlic straw, the maximum and the minimum temperature of 0-15 cm in tomato continuous cropping greenhouse were proportional to the amount of straw, the highest and the lowest temperature were 2.39 ℃ and 1.00 ℃ higher than the control respectively; The application of straw decreased with the increase of porosity, followed by the increase of porosity, with the largest change in 0-10 cm soil layer, the largest increase in bulk density and the largest decrease in porosity of 6.71% and 6.18%, respectively. Garlic straw treatment also increased soil p H and decreased the soil electrical conductivity (EC), which could reduce soil acidification and soil salinization in 0-20 cm soil layer. Applying garlic straw increased root activity of tomato (up to 31.45%), postponed root aging. Therefore, garlic straw returning to field can improve the physical and chemical properties of tomato in continuous cropping and improve tomato root activity.