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目的:探讨超声引导下单次竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)麻醉对食管癌(EC)根治术患者疼痛因子及炎症介质的影响。方法:回顾性分析信阳市中心医院2018年7月至2020年3月接受EC根治术治疗的87例EC患者资料，根据患者不同麻醉方式分为A组(43例)，行全身麻醉(GA)，B组(44例)，行超声引导下ESPB复合GA；检测并比较两组入室时(T0)、手术开始30 min(T1)、术毕(T2)、术后24 h(T3)疼痛因子如5-羟色胺(5-HT)、血清P物质(SP)及炎症介质如白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平；记录并比较两组术后不良反应发生情况。结果:两组T1～T3时点5-HT、SP水平均较T0时点升高，但B组T1～T3时点5-HT、SP水平均低于A组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)；两组T1～T3时点IL-6、IL-8水平均较T0时点升高，但B组T1～T3时点IL-6、IL-8水平均低于A组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)；B组不良反应总发生率低于A组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。n 结论:EC根治术患者采用超声引导下ESPB麻醉利于降低疼痛因子及炎症介质水平，且在一定程度上可减少不良反应发生。“,”Objective:To investigate the application effect of ultrasound-guided single erector spinae plane block (ESPB) anesthesia on pain factors and inflammatory mediators in patients undergoing radical resection of esophageal carcinoma (EC).Methods:The data of 87 EC patients who received radical resection of EC for treatment in Xinyang Central Hospital from July 2018 to March 2020 were collected, according to different anesthesia moded of patients, they were divided into two groups, group A (43 cases) was treated with general anesthesia (GA), group B (44 cases) was treated with ultrasound-guided ESPB combined with GA); the levels of pain factors such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), serum substance P (SP) and inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were measured and compared between the two groups at the time of entering room (T0), 30 minutes after operation (T1), at the end of operation (T2), and 24 hours after operation (T3); the incidence of adverse reactions was recorded and compared between the two groups.Results:The levels of 5-HT and SP at T1-T3 in both groups were higher than those at T0, but the levels of 5-HT and SP at T1-T3 in group B were lower than those in group A, the difference was statistically significant (n P<0.05); the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 at T1-T3 were higher than those at T0, but the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in group B were lower than those in group A, the difference was statistically significant(n P<0.05); the total incidence of adverse reactions in group B was lower than that in group A (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:Ultrasound guided ESPB anesthesia in patients with radical resection of EC is beneficial to reduce the levels of pain factors and inflammatory mediators, and to a certain extent, it can reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.