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重症有机磷农药中毒常因肺水肿、脑水肿及呼吸循环衰竭而死亡,及时正确的处理,对降低死亡率和提高抢救成功率具有十分重要的意义。一、肺水肿有机磷中毒后易发生肺水肿。其原因如下:①有机磷引起的乙酰胆碱积蓄及毒物对呼吸道直接损伤而产生肺水肿;②在抢救中毒时,用大量低张洗胃液或过量过快的静脉输液,引起水电解质紊乱导致肺水肿;③有机磷中毒时,心脏受损害,导致心肌收缩力减弱及心律紊乱亦能引起或加重肺水肿。上述各种原因引起的肺水肿,最终都能使肺内通气/血流比例失调而发生缺氧。缺氧的结果使肺泡、毛
Severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning often due to pulmonary edema, cerebral edema and respiratory failure and death, timely and correct treatment, to reduce mortality and improve the success rate of rescue is of great significance. First, pulmonary edema Organophosphate poisoning prone to pulmonary edema. The reasons are as follows: ① organophosphorus caused by the accumulation of acetylcholine and poison directly respiratory tract caused by pulmonary edema; ② rescue poisoning, with a large number of low-pressure gastric lavage fluid or excessively rapid intravenous infusion, causing water and electrolyte disorders leading to pulmonary edema; ③ organophosphate poisoning, the heart is damaged, leading to myocardial contractility and heart rhythm disorders can also cause or aggravate pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema caused by the above reasons, eventually can make the lung ventilation / blood flow imbalance and hypoxia. The result of hypoxia alveoli, hair