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胡佛坝是世界上第一座坝高超过 2 0 0 m的特高拱坝 ,重要而又显得比较特别 ,建成后遭到过诸多批评。笔者剖析该工程后 ,认为该坝设计并不随意 ,其设计思想强烈地体现了 4个基本点 (即规定坝体要厚大 ;重力为主 ;在高部可以发挥水平结构体系作用部位 ,尽量发挥其附加作用 ;中、下部陡壁部分尽最大可能不挖或少挖 )。 4个基本点彼此密切相关形成一整套独特的设计思想。之所以这样做 ,有极其特殊的时代与工程背景。 5 0年代后一直到现在 ,国内虽然很少 ,但不时仍偶而出现这种坝型。分析清楚胡佛坝的结构特点不仅对此 ,而且对于峡谷地区拱坝设计都是有意义的。全文分两部分刊出 ,本文为第一部分 (上 )。
The Hoover Dam is the world’s first ultra-high arch dam with a height of more than 200 m. It is an important and rather special one and has received many criticisms after its completion. The author analyzes the project, that the dam design is not random, its design philosophy strongly reflects the four basic points (that is, the provisions of the dam to be thick; gravity-based; in the high part of the horizontal structure of the system can play a role as far as possible Play its additional role; middle and lower part of the steep part of the excavation as far as possible not digging less). Four basic points are closely related to each other to form a complete set of unique design ideas. The reason why this is done is that it has a very special background of time and engineering. Since the 1950s till now, although there are few in China, such dams have occasionally appeared occasionally. Analysis clearly Hoover Dam structural characteristics not only for this, but also for the design of arch dam in the Valley are meaningful. The full text is published in two parts. This article is Part One (above).