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明朝中后期虽然宦官专权,政治腐败,但社会各个领域都出现了新的变化:政治上,朝廷中党派林立,士人公开议论朝政;经济上,商品经济繁荣,资本主义萌芽出现;思想文化上,王阳明思想广泛传播,文学小说兴起。本文从商品经济的高度发展,西学东渐和王阳明思想广泛传播等方面对社会开放的原因进行了分析。
In the middle and late Ming dynasties, although there were eunuchs’ special powers and political corruption, new changes took place in all fields of society. In politics, there are many parties in the court and governors openly discussing the state affairs; economically, commodity economy flourishes and capitalism sprouts; ideological and cultural On the widespread of Wang Yangming’s thought, the rise of literary novels. This article analyzes the reasons for the openness of society from the aspects of the highly development of commodity economy, the spread of western learning and the widespread thought of Wang Yangming.