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目的：探讨转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦ—β１）与肺纤维化的发生、进展的关系及其在肺组织的来源。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法结合图像分析处理系统，定量研究ＴＧＦ—β１在博莱霉素致肺纤维化大鼠肺组织中的免疫反应。结果：ＴＧＦ—β１可广泛分布于正常大鼠的肺组织。而在博莱霉素大鼠ＴＧＦ—β１表达明显增强，在肺泡巨噬细胞的表达第７天达高峰（９２．９２±１３．８２，Ｐ＜０．００１），而在支气管上皮细胞、肺内间质细胞的表达则是第２８天分布最广，阳性表达面积比分别为（５２．２６±７．１４），Ｐ＜０．００１，（６７．９４±９．０４），Ｐ＜０．００１。结论：ＴＧＦ—β１在肺纤维化中具有重要作用，肺泡巨噬细胞与肺纤维化的早期发生密切相关，而支气管上皮细胞、肺内间质细胞则在肺纤维化的持续进展方面发挥一定作用。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and the occurrence and development of pulmonary fibrosis and its origin in lung tissue. Methods: Immunohistochemistry and image analysis system were used to quantitatively study the immune response of TGF-β1 in lung tissue of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats. Results: TGF-β1 can be widely distributed in the lung tissue of normal rats. However, the expression of TGF-β1 was significantly increased in bleomycin-treated rats, reaching its peak on the 7th day after alveolar macrophages expression (92.92 ± 13.82, P <0.001), while in bronchial epithelial cells, lung The expression of interstitial cells was the most widely distributed on the 28th day with the positive expression area ratios (52.26 ± 7.14), P <0.001, (67.94 ± 9.04), P <0 .001. Conclusion: TGF-β1 plays an important role in pulmonary fibrosis. Alveolar macrophages are closely related to the early occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis. Bronchial epithelial cells and pulmonary interstitial cells play a role in the continuous progression of pulmonary fibrosis .