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设计微带天线阵时,减小阵元间距会导致阵元间耦合增加,从而导致增益下降(在考虑口径增益减小的基础上进一步下降)。针对该问题,提出一种减弱小间距阵元间耦合的新方法,即通过在地板上蚀刻两条共面波导,引入新的幅度可调的耦合去抵消原有耦合,从而实现减小阵元间耦合的目的。该方法将邻边间距为0.024λ_0(λ_0是自由波长,中心间距约0.38λ_0)的阵元之间的隔离度(|S_(21)|)从6.1dB提高到21dB以上,改善了阵元的辐射特性,使每个阵元的辐射方向图接近单个贴片的辐射方向图。为验证有效性,本文基于该方法设计了一副二元微带天线阵,并对其进行测试,与等口径面的二元阵比较,增益提高了约1.2dBi,与等增益的二元阵比较,面积减少了约10.2%,且副瓣电平有较大改善。
When designing a microstrip antenna array, reducing the array spacing will result in an increase in the coupling between the array elements, resulting in a decrease in gain (which further decreases on account of the reduced aperture gain). In order to solve the problem, a new method to reduce the coupling between small-pitch array elements is proposed. By etching two coplanar waveguides on the floor and introducing new amplitude-adjustable coupling to cancel the original coupling, The purpose of coupling. In this method, the isolation (| S 21 |) between the elements whose adjacent edge spacing is 0.024λ_0 (λ_0 is the free wavelength and the center spacing is about 0.38λ_0) is increased from 6.1dB to over 21dB, Radiation characteristics make the radiation pattern of each array element approach the radiation pattern of a single patch. In order to verify the validity of this method, a binary microstrip antenna array based on this method is designed and tested. Compared with the binary array with equal aperture surface, the gain is improved by about 1.2dBi, and the equal gain binary array In comparison, the area is reduced by about 10.2%, and the sidelobe level is greatly improved.