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水资源匮乏及与之相关联的水源污染已成为当今世界面临的严重问题,因此受到各国的普遍关注。在我国,由于城市与工业生产的迅速发展,建国以来城镇供水能力急剧增长,加之径流资源在地域上分布极不平衡、在时间上分布不均、工程调蓄不足、水资源开发利用不合理、水的利用率低以及绝大部污水未经处理直接排放并污染水源,以致相当一部分城市的水资源供需矛盾日趋尖锐。尤其在我国的北方地区,水资源已成为国民经济发展的制约因素。
The scarcity of water resources and associated water pollution has become a serious problem in the world today, and it has received widespread attention from countries. In China, due to the rapid development of urban and industrial production, the urban water supply capacity has increased dramatically since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and the geographical distribution of runoff resources is extremely uneven, unevenly distributed over time, inadequate project storage, and unreasonable exploitation and utilization of water resources. The low utilization rate of water and the fact that most of the sewage is discharged without treatment and contaminated water sources have caused the contradiction between the supply and demand of water resources in a considerable number of cities to become increasingly acute. Especially in the northern regions of China, water resources have become a constraint factor in the development of the national economy.