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胶质母细胞瘤是成人最常见的恶性脑内肿瘤之一,尽管目前有多种治疗手段,患者诊断后的生存期仍然较短[1]。胶质瘤具有高度浸润性、对常规治疗抗拒的特点,并且复发率高、预后差[2]。为提高治愈率,目前研究主要集中于胶质瘤复发相关的细胞分子机制[3]。最近研究发现在肿瘤中存在一群分裂缓慢、对目前治疗手段具有抗拒性的恶性细胞,这群细胞是胶质瘤形成、维持、侵袭、复发的主要原因,被称为肿瘤始动细胞或者胶质瘤干细胞(CSCs)[4,5]。这些肿瘤细胞具有许多正常神经干细胞的特征(NSCs),具有自我更新复制能力和增殖分化为不同类型细胞的特征,它们和NSC具有一部分相同的分子标记物如CD133和巢蛋白(nestin)等。
Glioblastoma is one of the most common malignant intracerebral tumors in adults, and despite various current treatments, the survival of patients is still short after diagnosis [1]. Glioma has a high degree of invasive, resistant to conventional treatment characteristics, and the high recurrence rate, poor prognosis [2]. In order to improve the cure rate, the current research mainly focuses on the cellular molecular mechanisms involved in glioma recurrence [3]. Recent studies have found that there is a group of malignant cells that are slowly dividing in the tumor and are resistant to the current treatment. These cells are the main reason for the formation, maintenance, invasion and recurrence of glioma. They are called tumor initiating cells or glia Stem cells (CSCs) [4,5]. These tumor cells have many characteristics of normal neural stem cells (NSCs), self-renewing ability of replication and proliferation and differentiation into different types of cells. They have some of the same molecular markers as NSCs, such as CD133 and nestin.