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利用6个玉米自交系进行双列杂交,获得15个杂交组合。利用格列芬方法4模式(1)对果穗性状(即单株粒重、百粒重、单株有效穗长、单株有效穗数穗粒行数、单株粒数)的一般配合力和特殊配合力进行估算,主要结果如下:1.果穗各性状的一般配合力方差为特殊配合力方差的1.27—11.88倍说明6个性状的遗传均以加性效应为主,它们之间仅是程度上的差别。其加性效应的大小顺序为百粒重、单株有效穗长,穗粒行数、单株粒数、单株穗数、单株粒重。2.一般配合力效应在同一性状不同的亲本之间有很大的差别,同一亲本的各个性状之间的一般配合力效应差别也很大。亲本的大多数性状,如果一般配合力达显著水平,用它们组配杂交组合,可能产生高的特殊配合力效应。3.特殊配合力效应在同一性状不同组合间有很大差别,在同一杂交组合内各性状的特殊配合力效应差别也很大而且在同一杂交组合内大多数性状的特殊配合力效应值高,其单位面积的产量也高。4.在一般配合力效应分析的基础上,又进行了特殊配合力的方差分析,以矮广_9、获白、黄早_4 为最优亲本自交系,用它们组配的杂交组合都有高的特殊配合力效应。
Using six maize inbred lines for double row hybridization, access to 15 hybrid combinations. Using the Gleevec method method (1), the general combining ability of ear traits (weight per plant, weight per plant, effective spike length per plant, number of spikelets per plant per panicle, number per plant) and The main results are as follows: 1. The general combining ability of ear characters was 1.27-11.88 times of the variance of special combining ability. It indicated that the inheritance of 6 traits was additive effect, and only the degree The difference. The order of their additive effects was 100-grain weight, effective spike length per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, grain number per plant, spikes per plant, grain weight per plant. The effect of general combining ability is very different among the parents with the same trait, and the general combining ability effect among the traits of the same parent is also very different. Most of the parents of the trait, if the general combining ability of a significant level, with their combination of cross combinations, may produce high special combining ability effect. In the same hybrid combination, the special combining ability effect of each trait is also very different and the special combining ability effect of most traits in the same hybrid combination is high, Its output per unit area is also high. Based on the analysis of general combining ability effect, the variance analysis of special combining ability was carried out. The optimal parental inbred lines were dwarf Guang9, All have high special combining power effect.