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细胞免疫及其调节是血吸虫病发病机理中的一个重要环节。慢性血吸虫病患者的细胞免疫功能明显降低,可能是多种因素共同作用的结果,如来自宿主和血吸虫的血清抑制因子、抑制性粘附单核细胞、T细胞亚群的改变和抑制性T细胞的作用以及免疫偏离等。此外,血吸虫病患者的自然杀伤细胞功能明显降低。由于细胞免疫在宿主的杀虫机理和免疫保护中起重要作用,故宿主细胞免疫功能的降低有可能减弱机体对血吸虫的杀伤和抵抗力. 曼氏、埃及血吸虫肉芽肿的形成和调节主要由细胞免疫介导。近年来的研究表明,日本血吸虫肉芽肿的形成是宿主针对血吸虫细胞免疫的结果,与体液免疫关系不大。日本血吸虫肉芽肿的调节需要细胞免疫和体液免疫的共同协调作用,其中细胞免疫参与早期肉芽肿的调节,慢性肉芽肿的调节则由体液免疫介导。进一步深入研究人类血吸虫病的细胞免疫调节机理、血吸虫病中细胞免疫与体液免疫的关系以及血吸虫病患者细胞免疫机能改变的机理和临床意义是血防科研中亟待解决的问题。
Cellular immunity and its regulation is an important part of the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. Cellular immune function in patients with chronic schistosomiasis is significantly reduced and may be a result of a combination of factors such as serum inhibitors of host and schistosomiasis, suppression of adherent monocytes, changes in T-cell subsets and suppression of T-cells The role of immune deviation and so on. In addition, schistosomiasis patients with natural killer cell function was significantly reduced. Since cellular immunity plays an important role in the host insecticidal mechanism and immune protection, the decrease of immune function of host cells may reduce the killing and resistance of the organism to schistosome.Men’s disease and the regulation of schistosomiasis granulomatosis are mainly composed of cells Immune mediated. Recent studies show that the formation of Schistosoma japonicum granuloma is the result of host immune response against schistosome cells and has little to do with humoral immunity. The regulation of Schistosoma japonicum granuloma requires the coordination of both cellular and humoral immunity, where cellular immunity is involved in the regulation of early granulomas and the regulation of chronic granulomas is mediated by humoral immunity. Further studies on the mechanism of cellular immune regulation of human schistosomiasis, the relationship between cellular immunity and humoral immunity in schistosomiasis, and the mechanism and clinical significance of cellular immunity in patients with schistosomiasis are urgent problems to be solved in the study of blood-borne diseases.